An Instrument for Measuring Work-place Motivation Essay

An Instrument for Measuring Work-place Motivation - Essay Example This essay discusses that the results for mean values on the Maslow’s test for the four elements of security, acceptance, esteem, and self-actualization showed a low standard deviation value. Since standard deviation is low, this indicates that the mean values for the group with no knowledge about the motivation testing fall closely within the range of the mean values obtained for those with knowledge. As a result, this is not statistically significant. On the ANOVA test, in terms of analysis of the variance between means, the null hypothesis which will be assumed is that the group means are all equal and the alternative hypothesis is that they are not equal. In the case of security, the F value is high, i.e, 3.49 and the significance level is low,i.e., 0.72. This suggests that the null hypothesis is discredited and the means could be significantly different; hence those who are informed the survey is for testing their motivation may have reported different values from those n ot so informed. For all the other variables, however, the F values are smaller while the p values are bigger, thereby suggesting that the means between the two groups are not significantly different. On this basis, it may be concluded that where esteem, self-actualization, and acceptance are concerned, there is not much difference between the two groups.  This essay discusses that the results for mean values on the Maslow’s test for the four elements of security, acceptance, esteem, and self-actualization showed a low standard deviation value. Since standard deviation is low, this indicates that the mean values for the group with no knowledge about the motivation testing fall closely within the range of the mean values obtained for those with knowledge. As a result, this is not statistically significant. On the ANOVA test, in terms of analysis of the variance between means, the null hypothesis which will be assumed is that the group means are all equal and the alternative h ypothesis is that they are not equal. In the case of security, the F value is high, i.e, 3.49 and the significance level is low,i.e., 0.72. This suggests that the null hypothesis is discredited and the means could be significantly different; hence those who are informed the survey is for testing their motivation may have reported different values from those not so informed. For all the other variables, however, the F values are smaller while the p values are bigger, thereby suggesting that the means between the two groups are not significantly different. On this basis, it may be concluded that where esteem, self-actualization, and acceptance are concerned, there is not much difference between the two groups.   On the basis of the above results, where job redesign is concerned, it appears that in view of the sharp differences between the group aware of the motivation test and the group not aware of it, motivation may need to be enhanced. The positive values expressed by the group a ware of the motivation test, suggests that this could be driven by anxiety about restructuring or downsizing of jobs. But the true results on the job constructs may be held to be those stated by those unaware of the motivation test. Maslow’s test reveals that levels of motivation may not be very high among the participants in this survey because the general trend in the responses is towards the lower scale.

Martin Luther Kings Religous Beliefs Essay Example for Free

Martin Luther Kings Religous Beliefs Essay Martin Luther King lived from 1929 to1968 in America, there was much discrimination against black people. Even though slavery had been abolished in 1869, most black people still lived in poverty. Black people earned half the amount white people earned and many could not vote. Martin Luther King was Black American Christian who believed that god made everyone equal. Because of his Christian beliefs he worked towards equal rights through non-violent protests; his beliefs being that there was never an excuse for violence as that doesn`t express the love of god just hatred. King followed in his father and grandfathers footsteps by becoming a pastor in 1954 in a Baptist church in Montgomery. Following Rosas Parks protest through refusing to move from her seat on the bus to give it to a white person, he became involved in the civil rights movement. Mixing the Christian idea of perfect love (Agape) with St. Thomas Aquinas` philosophy that an unjust law in the eyes of God is immoral, and therefore, not a law. King said in his letter from Birmingham Jail that, â€Å"an individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the highest respect for the law. † Furthermore his campaign of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience began to take shape. After Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to move from her seat to allow a white person to sit down, King decided it was time to start acting and after calling a meeting, where it was decided for all black people to stop using the buses. This was called a bus boycott. After 381 days with buses being virtually empty (costing the company lots of money), the government passed a law to state that it was illegal to segregate black people from white people on the buses. This was a victory for King and his beliefs in non-violent direct action. King believed that the Good Samaritan parable was a prime example of how we should treat each other equally. In the parable a Jew is beaten, mugged and left for dead. A priest, a Levite both cross to the other side of the road when the see him. However when a Samaritan sees him he helps him and pays for accommodation and care for him despite Jews and Samaritans despising each other. This parable showed you should love each other as neighbours despite religion or race. King demonstrated how you should stick up for your dreams, follow your beliefs and how violence isn`t needed to achieve your goal. His work made life in America better for everybody, his message to black and white people caused them to think and change the way things were being done.

Racial Inequality in the US

Racial Inequality in the US Inequality Essay Racial inequality among blacks have long been a blatant circumstance of the American experience. Such circumstances range of from the horrible realities of African enslavement in the 1700s to the restrictions on human rights such asand unfair practices such as literacy tests before being permitted to housing and voting in the 1950s. Fast forward to modern day, and the progress that blacks have initiated in America is evident through legislation like the Voting Rights and Civil Rights Act. Both are pieces of legislation which stemmed from the Civil Rights Movement. Despite the advancement, the repercussions of such mistreatment of blacks by whites are still in effect today. The issue of â€Å"internalized racism† comes in part from the pressure of a majority white society and economy wanting blacks to be a â€Å"model minority,† while in fact the institution of a majority white society are the ones in â€Å"denial† of the ongoing problems that make blacks feel th ey should not be the â€Å"model.† All the terms have socioeconomic complexes pertaining to the inequality of backs in America. Each term will be defined in context of the paper as well as analyzed and interconnected with each other term through factual justification attained from a socioeconomic and historical basis. The term internalized racism refers to the negative, condescending racial viewpoints that blacks have towards other blacks. Viewpoints such as seeing your own race as lesser than another race, not wanting to be of your own race, and wishing other people in your race were not associated with you are all forms of internalized racism. For hundreds of years, blacks were told that they were not equal to their white counterparts. They were told that having â€Å"dark skin was a mutation, and were made lower in society† (Smedley 59). These observations, as we know today, are completely absurd. However, such remarks were made and carried on for so long, and even acted on by white authority during periods of slavery where â€Å"lighter skinned Africans did not have to engage in harsher labor tasks as darker skinned Africans†(Colorism 1). Plus, majorities of American Congress agreed to the inequality of blacks with Jim Crow Laws and voting laws. Therefore, it is reasonable to see the internalized racism of blacks in previous generations where they would believe that they are not equal to whites or that their darker skin is a mistake. Furthermore, such ideologies from white society carried on in post-slavery eras such as the Industrial Revolution where blacks with lighter skin were more acceptable in society. Therefore, within black communities having fairer skin was seen as a positive physical attribute rather than having darker skin. This colorism among blacks was another form of internalized racism. Also, due to white supremacy, the â€Å"black† way of speaking which was primarily through ebonics was seen as uneducated. Therefore, in many Black communities internalized racism would arise when one spoke â€Å"white† because other members of the community would frown upon that and assume you were trying to be â€Å"white.† Moreover, speaking â€Å"properly† refers to a way of speaking that does not comprise of ebonics or any other cultural dialect of English that does not derive form white colonialism. By doing this, whites would view blacks who spoke in such a matter as educated and reformed. With the notion of white supremacy which favors â€Å"whiteness† over â€Å"blackness,† the dialect more associated with whites would be what was deemed more acceptable and appropriate. Such viewpoints from model minority still have profound impact. I can recall my sister being teased by other blacks in middle school because she supposedly â€Å"talked white.† One of the black girls even went as far as to say, â€Å"you think you’re better than us?† With such a statement, it is apparent to see the internalized racism at work. Just because my sister spoke in a way in which was deemed by white society as â€Å"educated† and â€Å"pure,† other black girls actua lly believed that and saw that my sister’s â€Å"white† way of speaking was automatically better than their dialect even though my sister never made any statement or action of superiority over them. Furthermore, my sister’s way of speaking would be seen by whites as appropriate or the â€Å"model† way in which to speak. However, my sister was not trying to be something she was not. That was just the way she spoke. My sister has her own beliefs, culture, and influences that have all affected her dialect from birth. However, with white society forming an acceptable â€Å"norm† in which to speak; there is some vulnerability for instances internalized racism among blacks and other non-whites. The socioeconomic implications from the experiences my sister has had as well as other African-Americans are evident as well. According to a poll conducted by Monster.com, one of the leading employment websites; it was concluded that employers are more likely to hire someone who has a similar dialect to themselves. Furthermore, with most employers being Caucasian, it is advantageous for African-Americans to develop a dialect that may not be natural to them. In my sister’s case it was natural since she is a first-generation American, therefore, her dialect can be easily derive from her life experiences. However, this can really be an issue to many African-Americans in the workforce because they feel they have to behave not authentically in order to just have a chance of being hired and contributing to the economy. In stating this, one could conclude why this could be one of the reasons why the highest rates of American unemployment are among African-Americans. This is crucial b ecause that leaves a substantial vacancy for African-Americans in the workforce. Who knows the economic gains that could be derived if Americans tapped in to the potential human capital of all people rather than those they could most identify with? There has been legislation passed that makes some corporations meet a â€Å"quota† for minority employees, however, I believe corporations should really seek out to racially broaden their workforce rather than just meet a quota because you are forced to. Diversity promotes different perspectives, experiences, and knowledge that could all be beneficial to help a company grow. This is a circumstance that I believe more corporations should seriously look into. The term model minority refers to the â€Å"proper† manner in which white society believes blacks should behave. Factors such as dialect, culture, and behavior are all effected under the model minority. The â€Å"proper† manner that white society believes blacks should engage in terms of this paper is a manner in which they â€Å"keep to themselves, don’t initiate any political change for the betterment of their race, speak without the use of ebonics, etc† (Model Minority). Basically the culture that derived from white colonialism is the culture white society wants blacks to take on. In addition, by white society wanting blacks to also keep to themselves and not try to initiate any political change; the notion of white supremacy will stay intact without their power being compromised. The term denial is a more refers to the ignorance of racial mistreatment that whites have towards blacks that the whites themselves fail to see. The inequality among blacks by whites has made substantial progress in modern-day from where it was even 50 years ago. Inequality based on race is illegal in nearly every facet of American life which allows blacks in America to succeed in ways unheard of in previous generations through affirmative action regulations set for universities, reformed voting laws, and more. However, despite the progression blacks have fought for, there is still a lot of inequality. The amount of blacks in prisons far â€Å"outnumber the number of whites although whites commit more crimes† (Weiser). Moreover, â€Å"blacks are the highest race targeted† with the Stop and Frisk laws placed in New York (Weiser). However, even with many racial inequalities that whites perform towards blacks; many whites believe that racism and prejudice is not alive, and that the lives of black people are just as equal and fair as whites when that is not true as evident through the preceding issues addressed. The issue of denial can be predi cted for the following reasons: Since whites do not have to conform to the â€Å"model minority,† they don’t realize the struggle that many blacks go through with having to abandon who they really are as people in order to adopt model minority principles to be more accepted in society which could lead to their own personal, economic growth. Therefore, with blacks trying to be more accepted and play a part in a majority white economy, they have to deal with internalized racism stemming from condescendence among some blacks for abandoning their culture in order to â€Å"fit in.† Furthermore, since many whites are not really aware of this, it is easy to deny issues that many blacks face especially within their own cultural circles. The socioeconomic impact of trying to be a â€Å"model minority† is prevalent among blacks as well. There is a renowned opportunity cost at stake when it comes to this issue. Should a black person act like â€Å"society† wants them to act in order to have a better shot at employment and advancement within the workforce, therefore forfeiting their cultural integrity to get ahead? Or should a black person stay true to themselves, and be looked at as â€Å"different,† therefore diminishing their opportunities for employment and career advancement? It’s a tough decision to make, and many blacks and minorities find themselves in a space where they have to balance the two worlds. Furthermore, having to work to find this â€Å"balance† takes away from the time that blacks could be using to be more efficient contributors of the economy. It brings an additional, psychological workload on top of what they already have to deal with in their respective economic situations. Racial inequality among Blacks and Whites have long been a critical part of the American experience. The depiction of the model minority is a motivating factor behind some internalized racism within black communities and groups. Therefore, it can be easy for a white or non-white person who is not associated with any such group to deny some of the issues at hand. Furthermore, with the advancement of civil rights and privileges of modern-day that are somewhat due to blacks going against the model minority during the Civil Rights Movement; whites may believe that the fight for equality is over, and that blacks and whites are in fair, equal society. As we know by now, that is not the case, but with discussions such as the ones brought up in this paper even more progression can be made with race relations and inequalities in American society.

An Inspector Calls - Examining the Role of Sheila After the Inspector h

An Inspector Calls - Examining the Role of Sheila After the Inspector has Left Examining the Role of Sheila After the Inspector has Left An Inspector Calls is a play that was written by J.B. Priestley in 1945 and is set in 1912, focusing on a respectable upper class family; the Birlings. 'Inspector Goole' interrupts a joyful engagement celebration party between Sheila Birling and Gerald Croft, and the Inspector announces the horrifying news that, "Two hours ago a young woman died in the Infirmary. She'd been taken there because she'd swallowed a lot of strong disinfectant." The characters react in extremely different ways to this information and Sheila emerges a very strong and conscientious character. We begin to discover the hidden depths behind each character's outer appearance as the play continues. We start to find out each family member's involvement with Eva Smith's horrendous suicide as the Inspector interrogates them, trying to make them feel guilty and responsible for her tragic death. During the play, some characters show feelings of guilt and remorse but others simply dismiss the death completely. The play conveys a very strong message that we have the power to change other people's lives and we should all care and look out for each other. Throughout this essay I am going to be examining the role of Sheila, subsequent to the Inspector's departure. Sheila and Eric, the younger generation, have opinions that totally contrast their mother and father's and they particularly get a chance to show their feelings following the Inspector's visit. Mr Birling gets very irate and angry and is exceptionally quick to blame his son, Eric, for the whole incident and disruption. He complains, "Yo... ...summarises their behaviour throughout the play. Sheila's mature attitude was shown throughout the play, and her guilt and willingness to learn from her mistakes were also displayed. Sheila came through as a caring and thoughtful character and also an intelligent and realistic girl. Eric generally followed his sister, who was a powerful character with moral thoughts, but their views contrasted them of the older generation. Mr and Mrs Birling and Gerald all acted irresponsibly, behaved immaturely and acted insensibly. Sheila did put forward her feelings, but her parents wouldn't listen to them or simply dismissed of them. Sheila knew what was the right thing to do, but unfortunately her parents wouldn't listen to her. If the whole family had acted similarly to Sheila, the outcome would have most probably been contrary of the unfortunate ending in the play.

Deception Point Page 85

Rachel's body went rigid. She wanted to step back from the railing, but she could not move. She was transfixed by the petrifying vista. â€Å"Incredible, aren't they?† Tolland said. His hand was on her shoulder again, comforting. â€Å"They'll tread water in the warm spots for weeks. These guys have the best noses in the sea-enhanced telencephalon olfactory lobes. They can smell blood up to a mile away.† Corky looked skeptical. â€Å"Enhanced telencephalon olfactory lobes?† â€Å"Don't believe me?† Tolland began rooting around in an aluminum cabinet adjacent to where they were standing. After a moment, he pulled out a small, dead fish. â€Å"Perfect.† He took a knife from the cooler and cut the limp fish in several places. It started to drip blood. â€Å"Mike, for God's sake,† Corky said. â€Å"That's disgusting.† Tolland tossed the bloody fish overboard and it fell thirty feet. The instant it hit the water, six or seven sharks darted in a tumbling ferocious brawl, their rows of silvery teeth gnashing wildly at the bloody fish. In an instant, the fish was gone. Aghast, Rachel turned and stared at Tolland, who was already holding another fish. Same kind. Same size. â€Å"This time, no blood,† Tolland said. Without cutting the fish, he threw it in the water. The fish splashed down, but nothing happened. The hammerheads seemed not to notice. The bait carried away on the current, having drawn no interest whatsoever. â€Å"They attack only on sense of smell,† Tolland said, leading them away from the railing. â€Å"In fact, you could swim out here in total safety-provided you didn't have any open wounds.† Corky pointed to the stitches on his cheek. Tolland frowned. â€Å"Right. No swimming for you.† 102 Gabrielle Ashe's taxi was not moving. Sitting at a roadblock near the FDR Memorial, Gabrielle looked out at the emergency vehicles in the distance and felt as if a surrealistic fog bank had settled over the city. Radio reports were coming in now that the exploded car might have contained a high-level government official. Pulling out her cellphone, she dialed the senator. He was no doubt starting to wonder what was taking Gabrielle so long. The line was busy. Gabrielle looked at the taxi's clicking meter and frowned. Some of the other cars stuck here were pulling up onto the curbs and turning around to find alternative routes. The driver looked over his shoulder. â€Å"You wanna wait? Your dime.† Gabrielle saw more official vehicles arriving now. â€Å"No. Let's go around.† The driver grunted in the affirmative and began maneuvering the awkward multipoint turn. As they bounced over the curbs, Gabrielle tried Sexton again. Still busy. Several minutes later, having made a wide loop, the taxi was traveling up C Street. Gabrielle saw the Philip A. Hart Office Building looming. She had intended to go straight to the senator's apartment, but with her office this close†¦ â€Å"Pull over,† she blurted to the driver. â€Å"Right there. Thanks.† She pointed. The cab stopped. Gabrielle paid the amount on the meter and added ten dollars. â€Å"Can you wait ten minutes?† The cabbie looked at the money and then at his watch. â€Å"Not a minute longer.† Gabrielle hurried off. I'll be out in five. The deserted marble corridors of the Senate office building felt almost sepulchral at this hour. Gabrielle's muscles were tense as she hurried through the gauntlet of austere statues lining the third-floor entryway. Their stony eyes seemed to follow her like silent sentinels. Arriving at the main door of Senator Sexton's five-room office suite, Gabrielle used her key card to enter. The secretarial lobby was dimly lit. Crossing through the foyer, she went down a hallway to her office. She entered, flicked on the fluorescent lights, and strode directly to her file cabinets. She had an entire file on the budgeting of NASA's Earth Observing System, including plenty of information on PODS. Sexton would certainly want all the data he could possibly get on PODS as soon as she told him about Harper. NASA lied about PODS. As Gabrielle fingered her way through her files, her cellphone rang. â€Å"Senator?† she answered. â€Å"No, Gabs. It's Yolanda.† Her friend's voice had an unusual edge to it. â€Å"You still at NASA?† â€Å"No. At the office.† â€Å"Find anything at NASA?† You have no idea. Gabrielle knew she couldn't tell Yolanda anything until she'd talked to Sexton; the senator would have very specific ideas about how best to handle the information. â€Å"I'll tell you all about it after I talk to Sexton. Heading over to his place now.† Yolanda paused. â€Å"Gabs, you know this thing you were saying about Sexton's campaign finance and the SFF?† â€Å"I told you I was wrong and-â€Å" â€Å"I just found out two of our reporters who cover the aerospace industry have been working on a similar story.† Gabrielle was surprised. â€Å"Meaning?† â€Å"I don't know. But these guys are good, and they seem pretty convinced that Sexton is taking kickbacks from the Space Frontier Foundation. I just figured I should call you. I know I told you earlier that the idea was insane. Marjorie Tench as a source seemed spotty, but these guys of ours†¦ I don't know, you might want to talk to them before you see the senator.† â€Å"If they're so convinced, why haven't they gone to press?† Gabrielle sounded more defensive than she wanted to. â€Å"They have no solid evidence. The senator apparently is good at covering his tracks.† Most politicians are. â€Å"There's nothing there, Yolanda. I told you the senator admitted taking SFF donations, but the gifts are all under the cap.† â€Å"I know that's what he told you, Gabs, and I'm not claiming to know what's true or false here. I just felt obliged to call because I told you not to trust Marjorie Tench, and now I find out people other than Tench think the senator may be on the dole. That's all.† â€Å"Who were these reporters?† Gabrielle felt an unexpected anger simmering now. â€Å"No names. I can set up a meeting. They're smart. They understand campaign finance law†¦ † Yolanda hesitated. â€Å"You know, these guy actually believe Sexton is hurting for cash-bankrupt even.† In the silence of her office, Gabrielle could hear Tench's raspy accusations echoing. After Katherine died, the senator squandered the vast majority of her legacy on bad investments, personal comforts, and buying himself what appears to be certain victory in the primaries. As of six months ago, your candidate was broke. â€Å"Our men would love to talk to you,† Yolanda said. I bet they would, Gabrielle thought. â€Å"I'll call you back.† â€Å"You sound pissed.† â€Å"Never at you, Yolanda. Never at you. Thanks.† Gabrielle hung up. Dozing on a chair in the hallway outside Senator Sexton's Westbrooke apartment, a security guard awoke with a start at the sound of his cellular phone. Bolting up in his chair, he rubbed his eyes and pulled his phone from his blazer pocket. â€Å"Yeah?† â€Å"Owen, this is Gabrielle.† Sexton's guard recognized her voice. â€Å"Oh, hi.† â€Å"I need to talk to the senator. Would you knock on his door for me? His line is busy.† â€Å"It's kind of late.† â€Å"He's awake. I'm sure of it.† Gabrielle sounded anxious. â€Å"It's an emergency.† â€Å"Another one?† â€Å"Same one. Just get him on the phone, Owen. There's something I really need to ask him.† The guard sighed, standing up. â€Å"Okay, okay. I'll knock.† He stretched and made his way toward Sexton's door. â€Å"But I'm only doing it because he was glad I let you in earlier.† Reluctantly, he raised his fist to knock.

Josh Hamilton Book

Justin Michael CabanEnglish 10 Mrs. MeyerBook Report For my 1st quarter book report I read â€Å"Beyond Belief† which is written by Josh Hamilton. Hamilton is a Major league baseball player who now plays for the Texas Rangers and was named MVP two short season’s ago. Josh is a premier center fielder and the captain of his team, for the average person you may think Mr. Hamiliton lives the ordinary life of a sports star , the pretty women , fancy cars , huge house’s and the six figure pay checks.Even though this may be true, living an everyday lifestyle was extremely difficult for Josh throughout his whole life , you would think someone who is so well respected and idolized by many fans throughout the world would try to live up to his expectations, but that was not the case for Josh , he was addicted to cocaine and struggled with many other addictions such as alcoholism and having anger issues with his loved ones. Josh wrote this book to express his feelings and gi ve readers a point of view on how thing’s may not also be the same as it seems.So next time you judge someone just by their appearance, financial situation or even idolizing someone just by the way they perform a certain thing, you might want to think that over. Josh Hamilton of the Texas Rangers who made last year’s all-star team and hit a record 28 home runs in one round of the Home Run Derby has a lot more than All Star memories to be thankful for. He is alive, reunited with his family and back in baseball, which only a few years ago seemed impossible since he was in the middle of dealing with a cocaine addiction.Josh was drafted in 1999 by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays , as a young kid , Josh stunned all different kinds of people with his skill for the game of baseball , reaching nearly 80 mph on a pitching gun at age 12 meant he was destined to play in the MLB at one point or another. When Josh was drafted in 1999 he as well as others expected him to be an automatic fi rst round pick , which he was but instead of going right to work with his new team , Josh was sidelined, not by his coach , but by his devastating addiction to cocaine. The MLB has a very strict drug policy and there players are constantly found =. are serve a suspension of 50 games.